In the past, discussions about absolute constructions (ACs) have been limited by an imprecise understanding of what ACs are. By examining the nature and function of ACs and related constructions in Greek, Latin and Sanskrit, this new study arrives at a clear and simple definition of ACs. Focusing on the earliest attested material in each language, Dr Ruppel highlights how the use of ACs differs between the languages and offers explanations for these differences. Referring directly and extensively to the early material, she identifies the common core shared by all ACs and reconstructs their development into Greek, Latin and Sanskrit. This historical perspective reveals how ACs have been conceived of by grammarians, philologists and even Christian missionaries over the last two thousand years and how enduring misconceptions still affect our discussion of them today.