Biogeography involves dealing with the study of varied life forms present on the face of the Earth. This book is a compilation of research works of more than 30 scientific experts on biogeography from across the globe. It intends to elaborate on spatial and temporal variation of biological assemblages in relation to landscape intricacy and environmental changes. This book adopts four major themes: bio-geographic theory and tests of ideas and concepts; the territorial biogeography of individual taxa, biogeography of complex landscapes, and the deep-time evolutionary biogeography of macro-taxa. In addition, the book also presents new information about unusual landscapes, the natural history of a wide array of lesser known plant and animal species, and global conservation issues. It is well illustrated with various maps, graphics, and photographs, and provides significant information on various topics. It will work as a useful tool for experts and general public interested in global biogeography, taxonomy, development and conservation.