This volume presents some of the latest advancements in environmental research. Chapter One considers key drivers that influence the seasonal rainfall regime and its variability in the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States, the sub-region’s exposure and vulnerability to hydro-meteorological hazards, including drought, and the sub-region’s drought history and associated consequences. Chapter Two provides insight about the relationship between the process variables involved in activated carbons preparation and their CO2 removal performance to find the key features associated with efficient CO2 adsorption. Chapter Three systematically assesses the role of groundwater in enhancing urban water supply security and identifies the pre-requisites in terms of its assessment and management for this resource to play a sustainable role. Chapter Four reviews strategies for management of dwindling biodiversity as a consequence of climate change-driven natural disasters, with a specific focus on bushfires in Australia. Finally, Chapter Five compares data obtained from models that simulate the transport of radionuclides released into the Pacific Ocean after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident with actual measurements of water, sediment and biota.