The branch of science that focuses on producing and using plants for food, fiber, fuel and land reclamation is referred to as agronomy. It is a multi-disciplinary field that uses tools from various other fields such as plant genetics, meteorology and soil science. It also incorporates principles from different branches of science such as biology, chemistry, economics, earth science and genetics. Agronomy deals with a diverse range of issues like healthy food production, management of the environmental impact of agriculture as well as extracting energy from plants. The main areas that fall under agronomy are crop rotation, irrigation, soil classification, weed control, pest control and plant physiology. This textbook unfolds the innovative aspects of agronomy which will be crucial for the holistic understanding of the subject matter. Different approaches, evaluations and methodologies related to this field have been included in it. This textbook will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.