A major generator of new mathematical thinking, AI is the result of easy access to information and data, as facilitated by computer technology. Big Data has come to be seen as an unlimited source of knowledge, the use of which is still being fully explored, but its industrialization has swiftly followed in the footsteps of mathematicians; today's tools are increasingly designed to replace human beings, which comes with social and philosophical consequences. Drawing on examples of scientific work and the insights of experts, this book offers food for thought on the consequences and future of AI technology in education, health, the workplace and aging.