Birth control is a method or device used for preventing pregnancy. Reproductive medicine is a sub field of medicine associated with the male and female reproductive systems. It covers a wide range of reproductive conditions, such as the methods of birth control and assessment. It also deals with the treatment and prognosis of reproductive health disorders. There are several birth control measures such as sterilization, hormonal birth control, barrier methods, intrauterine devices (IUDs), and behavioral methods. All these birth control measures are used before or during sexual intercourse. Emergency contraceptive is another method used to prevent pregnancy following unprotected sexual intercourse or when other methods of regular contraception have been used in an improper manner. This book provides significant information of this discipline to help develop a good understanding of birth control and reproductive medicine. It is a resource guide for researchers as well as students involved in the this area of study.