Leon Vollerigh analyzes different aspects of Blockchain Governance in view of central aspects of modern statehood and its assertiveness in digital and decentralized contexts. Relevant principles and developments of modern statehood are being described, as well as the functioning and development of Blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT). This examination leads to the in-depth analysis of "On-Chain Governance" with emphasis on the modes of generating consensus. Finally, to what extent modern statehood gets threatened by autonomous and digital forms of governance in a world of internationalization and privatization, and how governance of a digital and decentralized world can look like will be explored.