This outstanding volume examines the importance and usefulness of metaphors as a way of understanding national cultures. The research translations include not only limited empirical studies in which specific hypothesis are tested, but also larger, more expansive works published as books and groundbreaking articles. The often-overlooked views of political scientists and journalists who conceive of the world in terms of zero-sum game theory are explored, as are the issues of the symbolism associated with cultural metaphors. The book concludes with a description of specific uses of cultural metaphors or metaphorical applications.