In , Janna Houwen innovatively rewrites the concept of medium specificity in order to answer the questions "what is meant by video?+? and "what is meant by film?+? How are these two media (to be) understood? How can film and video be defined as distinct, specific media? In this era of mixed moving media, it is vital to ask these questions precisely and especially on the media of video and film. Mapping the specificity of film and video is indispensable in analyzing and understanding the many contemporary intermedial objects in which film and video are mixed or combined.