Holistic and Integrated Management systems in Nonprofit Organisations (NPO): Permanent transparency in internal and external management action for all stakeholders. An interview-based study in German and Australian NPOs requires the necessity of Holistic Management Systems in both social systems now and in the future: Balanced Scorecard, Risk Management, Early Warning System, reporting and controlling, leadership, social added value and impact are some of the reviewed holistic topics in two ŒCD-countries of the 21st century.