This book is the second part of three parts on the development of the American social welfare state from 1933 to 2016. This volume is focused on the action (or inaction) toward a comprehensive social welfare state during the American presidential administrations of Richard Nixon to Barack Obama (until January 2016).This volume is concentrated mainly on American economic philosophy, in particular the common misperceptions around the term neoliberalism. We will examine these beliefs and what effect they have had on any development of the American social welfare state.