Atthestartof the 21st century, we are now well on the way towards aknowled- intensive society, in which knowledge plays ever more important roles. Thus, research interest should inevitably shift from information to knowledge, with the problems of building, organizing, maintaining and utilizing knowledge - coming centralissues in a wide varietyof fields. The 21stCentury COE program “Framework for Systematization and Application of Large-scale Knowledge - sources (COE-LKR)” conducted by the Tokyo Institute of Technology is one of several early attempts worldwide to address these important issues. Inspired by this project, LKR2008 aimed at bringing together diverse contributions in cognitive science, computer science, education and linguistics to explore design, construction, extension, maintenance, validation and application of knowledge. Responding to our call for papers, we received 38 submission from a variety of research areas. Each paper was reviewed by three Program Committee members. Since we were aiming at an interdisciplinary conference covering a wide range of topics concerning large-scale knowledge resources (LKR), each paper was assigned a reviewer from a topic area outside the main thrust of the paper. This reviewer was asked to assess whether the authors described the moti- tion and importance of their work in a comprehensible manner even for readers in other research areas. Following a rigorous reviewing process, we accepted 14 regular papers and 12 poster papers.