The Yugoslav brand of East-West psychoanalysis and psychotherapy bred a truly unique intellectual framework, which enabled psychiatrists to think through a set of political and ideological dilemmas regarding the relationship between individuals and social structures. This book offers a thorough reinterpretation of the notion of ‘communist psychiatry’ as a tool used solely for political oppression, and instead emphasises the political interventions of East European psychiatry and psychoanalysis. This monograph has partly been funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ERC Starting Grant DECOLMAD 851871).