The objective of the Handbooks programme is the preparation of critical reviews and evaluations of evidence on the cancer-preventive and other relevant properties of a wide range of potential cancer-preventive agents and strategies by international working groups of experts.In this volume on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs the following drugs are reviewed: Aspirin, Sulindac, Piroxicam and Indomethacin. For each drug, their chemical and physical characteristics, occurrence, production, use, analysis and human exposure, metabolism, kinetics and genetic variation are studied, as well as their cancer-preventive effects, other beneficial effects, carcinogenicity and other toxic effects. A summary of data and recommendations for research are provided at the end.