PHYSICS AND MEDICINE PARTNERSHIP: FROM ANCIENT TO PRESENT TIME The purpose of this book is to provide a greater understanding of the historical relationship between physics and medicine over the last 5000 years, as developed and maintained by various civilisations around the world. We selected key topics and considered how they demonstrate the influence of physics on various aspects of life and health, including maintenance, diagnostics, and therapy. We hope that those reading the book can learn something new from it and that it will also contribute to improving practice and healthcare in everyday life. The book is divided into 10 chapters covering a variety of topics, such as physiotherapy, heat in therapy, acupuncture, hydrotherapy, surgery, art therapy, religion and the supernatural in diagnostic and therapy, medical diagnostic imaging and radiation therapy. Most of the physical methods and their applications to medicine have been widely used in ancient China, India, Japan, Egypt, Rome, Greece, medieval Islamic countries, Mesopotamia, Persia and other ancient cultures and civilisations around the world. Many of these methods are still widely used all over the world for the purpose of maintaining a healthy life, such as a treatment for pain relief, which at the same time reduces anxiety and blood pressure. With the Renaissance and the invention of electricity, new branches of medical physics in diagnostics were created and numerous diseases have since been treated using medical imaging and radiotherapy. The new branches utilised different types of radiation, such as photons, electrons, protons, and neutrons, among others. This period witnessed the emergence of the field of health and medical physics as a recognised discipline where the medical physicists and technologists played an essential role in medical diagnosis and treatment. The book is mainly aimed at the general public with the hope that it will raise awareness of the importance of medical physics. It is also intended as a historical supplementary textbook for medical or physics courses in academic medical physics graduate programs, as well as a reference book for the general public on the historical influence physics has had on medicine and for those who want to gain a deeper understanding of all topics relating to physics and its applications to medicine. It may also satisfy the curiosity of medical physicists who are interested in reviewing the history of the science underlying their day-to-day clinical activities. Physics and medicine have been in close partnership for a very long time, which has served to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and maintenance of human health. Most of the classical methods used by ancient cultures and civilisations proved, in general, to be effective, affordable and had minimum side effects. The great advancements in science and technology in the modern era have been remarkably influenced by the achievements and developments made by scientists and physicians of the ancient civilisations. It may be worthwhile for humanity to start evaluating those ancient physical methods and continue to develop them to keep ahead of the future challenges.