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Barnes and Noble

Recent Developments in Environmentally Sustainable and Cost-Effective Construction Materials

Current price: $98.22
Recent Developments in Environmentally Sustainable and Cost-Effective Construction Materials
Recent Developments in Environmentally Sustainable and Cost-Effective Construction Materials

Barnes and Noble

Recent Developments in Environmentally Sustainable and Cost-Effective Construction Materials

Current price: $98.22
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The effects of additives on the flow characteristics of drilling muds used in various drilling operations, including oil and gas wells, must be better quantified. In this study, acrylamide polymer was used to modify water-based bentonite mud to reduce the yield point and maximum shear stress produced by the mud during the drilling operation. The bentonite content in the drilling mud was varied up to 6% (by weight). Based on the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, the major constituents of bentonite were montmorillonite (MMT, (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2·nH2O), feldspar (Albite, NaAlSi3O8), kaolinite (Al2Si2O5(OH4)), Beidellite ((Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2·nH2O) and quartz (SiO2). Bentonite was modified using a water-soluble polymer solution before being used in the drilling mud. The rheological properties of bentonite were characterized from a very low strain rate to a relatively high strain rate to determine the nonlinear behavior of the shear-thinning drilling mud. The polymer modification reduced the yield point by 26-66% based on the bentonite content in the drilling mud.

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Barnes & Noble does business -- big business -- by the book. As the #1 bookseller in the US, it operates about 720 Barnes & Noble superstores (selling books, music, movies, and gifts) throughout all 50 US states and Washington, DC. The stores are typically 10,000 to 60,000 sq. ft. and stock between 60,000 and 200,000 book titles. Many of its locations contain Starbucks cafes, as well as music departments that carry more than 30,000 titles.

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