Despite advances in technology, pathological anatomy and cytology (PCA) activities rely on manual methods and are characterized by the handling of infectious risk agents and the extensive use of chemicals, exposing laboratory staff to chemical, biological and physical risks. Within this framework, the aim of our descriptive, observational and prospective study is to determine the various risks in the PCR laboratory and to evaluate biosafety measures in order to implement corrective and preventive actions. Risk management is carried out according to the ISO 31000 risk management process, applying the 5M method to study risks and the 5S method to implement biosafety measures.