Human societies exhibit a diversity of social organizations that differ in structure, size and complexity. Social complexity is a conceptual framework used in the analysis of the society. It can be measured through the diversity of social relationships in a social unit or the number of relationships within that social unit. It plays an integral role in the study of the evolution of diverse social systems and the cognitive innovations which help the individuals in dealing with the demands of social life. Cultural complexity is used as a variable in cross-cultural research. It is generally used as a measure of cultural evolution and is connected to various other variables. This book aims to shed light on the impacts of social and cultural complexity on politics. It presents studies performed by experts across the globe. Coherent flow of topics, student-friendly language and extensive use of examples make this book an invaluable source of knowledge.