English summary: There is an increasing interest in Jewish culture and heritage all over Europe, cities and entire regions are rediscovering their Jewish past. Although the Spanish case is not exceptional, somehow it shows its particularities. In the Middle Ages the Iberian Peninsula was the centre of Jewish life until the expulsion of the Jews by the so-called Catholic Kings Ferdinand and Isabel. This historic event interpreted as religious and therefore national unification has been crucial for the national Spanish identity over a long time, nowadays the epoque until 1492 is remembered and glorified as a golden era of convivencia between the three cultures, Christianity, Islam and Jewry. This study investigates how the Jewish past has been remembered and forgotten during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, the transition period and the democratic decades since 1982. It further examines the states attitude towards the small Jewish community in Spain and towards Jewry in general. Analyzing the political, social and legal conditions for Jewish life on the one hand, and the changing official memory on the other hand, it becomes clear that politics of remembrance, religious minorities and foreign relations are strongly interwoven. German description: Die Erinnerung an das historische Sepharad und vor allem an die trikulturelle convivencia auf der mittelalterlichen Iberischen Halbinsel stehen derzeit in Spanien hoch im Kurs, verweisen sie doch scheinbar auf eine jahrhundertelange Tradition der Toleranz und Demokratie. Anna Lena Menny beleuchtet verschiedene Facetten der staatlichen Haltung gegenuber der judischen Minderheit und dem judischen Erbe. Sie fragt nach Kontinuitaten und Bruchen innerhalb des Untersuchungszeitraumes vom Franquismus bis in die Demokratie und arbeitet die enge Verschrankung von Erinnerungs-, Religions- und Aussenpolitik heraus. Dabei ist eine zentrale These, dass der Tod des spanischen Diktators Franco im Jahr 1975 fur die spanisch-judische Geschichte keine einschneidende Zasur bedeutete.