The present book contains all of the articles in the second edition of the Special Issue titled "Statistical Data Modeling and Machine Learning with Applications II". This Special Issue belongs to the "Mathematics and Computer Science" Section and aims to publish research on the theory and application of statistical data modeling and machine learning. New mathematical methods and approaches, new algorithms and research frameworks, and their applications aimed at solving diverse and nontrivial practical problems are proposed and developed in this SI. We believe that the chosen papers are attractive and useful to the international scientific community and will contribute to further research in the field of statistical data modeling and machine learning.