Drawing from theoretical traditions such as critical realism and new institutionalism, demonstrates the considerable differences between major companies in the industry and the ways in which they have adopted a retailing approach. At the heart of the book is an exploration of the relationship between managerial choice and the structural constraints and opportunities in which that choice was exercised. Providing a new model of how history can inform the analysis of organizational strategy, the book draws on extensive archival material and adopts a far more historical approach than previous accounts of the area. Above all, Alistair Mutch presents a fascinating story of change in an industry which is taken for granted, but whose actions affect, for good or ill, the lives of millions.