This book adopts an agnostic position on the size of the future impact of technological progress on employment but proposes a thought experiment built on a full unemployment scenario, which focuses on the consequences that these policies might have for people’s well-being, with particular reference to the provision of a universal Basic Income (UBI). Relying on some of the principles and models of Behavioral and Happiness Economics, it is argued that implementing a UBI that does not change over time may increase well-being inequality. A policy mix that combines a rising basic income with other measures is therefore recommended. This book marks a significant contribution to the literature on economic policy, labor economics, the economics of well-being and happiness, and behavioral economics.