While the academic study of religion in the former Soviet Union had to contend with an official ideology of scientific atheism, such study in the West – particularly in the United States – was being (re)invented in the 1960s, during the very midst of the Cold War. The twenty-one contributions to this volume – by scholars from North America, Europe, Russia, and eastern Europe – examine the ideological and theological influences on the academic study of religion during the period from 1945 to 1989 and thus raise the question of whether an
academic
study of religion
(Religionswissenschaft)
might be defined in ways that avoid the extremes of both ideology and theology.