This book focuses on the application of nanotechnology for enhancing crop production through the application of nanofertilizers or nanocomposites. Several avenues of nanotechnology are beneficial in improving crop productivity in a sustainable manner, which has been presented in a comprehensive way. The book also delves into the mechanistic view of nanoparticle functioning and its role in stress alleviation. In addition, the book presents some recent insights into the application of nanotechnology for post-harvest management, stress tolerance and usage as nanobiosensors. Broadly, the book will encompass the following advances in the field, distinguishing it from other published volumes. The salient features include: · Role of nanoparticles in improving abiotic stress tolerance in plants. · Role of nanoparticles in protection against pathogens and pests. · Mechanism of nanoparticle-induced plant responses. · Synthesis and modification of nanoparticles to enhance their biological efficacy. · Prospects of nanofertilizers, nanoformulations, nanopesticides, etc., and their beneficial attributes. This book, therefore, presents this emerging topic and the most recent innovations in this field for postgraduate students, researchers and faculty members working in the fields of plant science, microbiology, biotechnology, agricultural sciences, etc.