Transportation systems can be defined as systems for moving persons or goods consisting of the vehicle, the guideway and the operation plan. They are a fundamental part of logistics and planning whenever vehicles are used to move people or items from one place to another. Transportation systems include all forms of transport, from cars and buses to boats, aircraft and even space travel. Public transport systems are available to the general public, may require a fare, and run at scheduled times. Transportation systems make use of route management and effective timetabling to reduce transport costs and improve delivery time. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches of transportation systems. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in it. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in this area at various levels.